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Having a fungal infection on your toenails is a common problem that many people experience. This condition, known as onychomycosis, can cause your toenails to become thick, discolored, and brittle. In severe cases, your toenail may even fall off due to the infection. In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatment of onychomycosis.
The Causes of Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis is caused by a fungus that grows on your toenails. The fungus thrives in warm and moist environments, making your feet the perfect breeding ground for it. The fungus can enter your toenail through small cuts or cracks in your skin, or through the opening between your toenail and nail bed.
Some of the factors that increase your risk of developing onychomycosis include:
- Poor hygiene
- Wearing tight-fitting shoes
- Walking barefoot in public areas
- Sweating excessively
- Having a weakened immune system
- Having a history of athlete's foot
The Symptoms of Onychomycosis
The symptoms of onychomycosis can vary depending on the severity of the infection. Some of the common symptoms include:
- Thickened toenails
- Discoloration of toenails
- Brittle or crumbly toenails
- Toenail lifting from the nail bed
- Toenail falling off
- Foul odor from the toenail
The Treatment of Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis can be treated through various methods, depending on the severity of the infection. Some of the common treatment options include:
- Oral antifungal medication: This medication is prescribed by a doctor and is taken for several weeks to several months. It is effective in treating severe cases of onychomycosis.
- Topical antifungal medication: This medication is applied directly to the infected toenail. It may take several months for the medication to work, and it is not as effective as oral medication.
- Laser therapy: This is a new treatment option that uses a laser to destroy the fungus on your toenail. It is a quick and painless procedure, but it can be expensive.
- Surgical removal of the toenail: This is a last resort option for severe cases of onychomycosis. The infected toenail is surgically removed, allowing a new, healthy nail to grow in its place.
Preventing Onychomycosis
Preventing onychomycosis is easier than treating it. Some of the preventive measures that you can take include:
- Washing your feet regularly with soap and water
- Drying your feet thoroughly after washing them
- Wearing clean socks every day
- Wearing shoes that fit properly and are breathable
- Avoiding walking barefoot in public areas
- Not sharing nail clippers, files, or other personal items
Conclusion
Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection that affects many people. It can cause your toenails to become thick, discolored, and brittle. In severe cases, your toenail may even fall off due to the infection. Treatment options include oral and topical medication, laser therapy, and surgical removal of the toenail. Preventive measures include washing your feet regularly, wearing clean socks, and avoiding walking barefoot in public areas.